Theory.10 slide · 18 phút. Tổng quan dạng map · 2 loại đề · ngôn ngữ vị trí · ngôn ngữ thay đổi (past + future) · cấu trúc 4 đoạn · trình tự 20 phút.
Practice 01 · Town Centre — 1990 vs 2020.9 slide · 17 phút. Past vs Present · passive past simple · bài mẫu 175 từ · Band 6.5.
Practice 02 · Coastal Village — Proposed Redevelopment.9 slide · 17 phút. Present vs Future · passive future · bài mẫu 168 từ · Band 6.5.
Practice 03 · University Campus — 2000 vs 2025.9 slide · 17 phút. Past vs Present · expansion + replacement · bài mẫu 172 từ · Band 6.5.
Practice 04 · Industrial Estate — Proposed Regeneration.9 slide · 17 phút. Present vs Future · large-scale change · bài mẫu 170 từ · Band 6.5.
Wrap-up & Homework.4 slide · 4 phút. Pattern chung · vocab tổng hợp · bài về nhà · lịch luyện tuần.
WelcomeObjectives
Learning Objectives
Sau 90 phút, bạn làm được năm việc.
Nhận biết 2 loại đề map (past↔present, present↔future).Nhìn caption + năm để chọn đúng thì — sai thì = mất 0.5 band Grammar ngay.
Dùng đúng passive voice cho thay đổi.Past: was demolished / was replaced by. Future: will be built / is to be constructed.
Mô tả vị trí bằng spatial language.Compass + relative position: in the north-east corner / opposite / adjacent to / on the outskirts of.
Viết overview cho map đạt Band 6.2 câu nêu đặc trưng tổng thể: hướng phát triển (urbanisation? commercialisation?) + cái gì giữ nguyên.
Phân nhóm thay đổi để viết Body 1 / Body 2.Theo khu vực (north vs south) hoặc theo loại (additions vs removals) — chọn 1 cách, không trộn.
Phần I · Lý thuyếtTổng quan dạng Map
Map Tasks · Task 1 Academic
20 phút. 150 từ. Hai bản đồ.
Tần suất
~12%
Chiếm khoảng 1/8 đề thi Task 1. Ít gặp hơn line/bar nhưng dễ ăn band nếu nắm pattern.
Đặc điểm
2
Luôn có 2 bản đồ: trước/sau. Nhiệm vụ: liệt kê những gì changed & những gì stayed the same.
Trọng tâm
Passive
90% câu trong bài map dùng passive voice. Không cần subject — vì ai làm không quan trọng.
Map = bản đồ "before / after" của một khu vực. Có thể là thị trấn, khu trường, làng, công viên, sân bay. Đơn vị: không có số liệu — toàn bộ là định tính.
Phần I · Lý thuyếtHai loại map
Two Map Types · Tense decisions
Hai dạng — hai thì khác nhau.
Type 01 — Most common
Past ↔ Present
Tín hiệu: năm cụ thể quá khứ (1990 vs 2020 / in the past vs today)
Thì: past simple passive — was built / was demolished / was replaced by
Verb: was knocked down · was converted into · was extended · was constructed
Linking: in the meantime · over this period · by 2020
Thì: future passive — will be built / is going to be / is to be constructed
Verb: will be demolished · is set to · is planned to · will be replaced by
Linking: in the future · according to the proposal · once completed
Sai thì = sai cả bài. Đọc caption trước khi viết một chữ. Tìm năm hoặc từ "proposed".
Phần I · Lý thuyếtNgôn ngữ vị trí
Spatial Language · Where things are
Ba lớp ngôn ngữ — vị trí, hướng, khoảng cách.
01 · COMPASS
Hướng tuyệt đối
in the north / south / east / west · in the north-east corner · along the southern edge
02 · RELATIVE
So với vật khác
opposite the library · adjacent to the park · next to · across from · behind
03 · DISTANCE
Gần / xa
a short distance from · on the outskirts of · in the centre of · just outside · within walking distance
04 · INTERNAL
Bên trong khu vực
surrounded by · running through · cuts across · stretches from X to Y · is bordered by
Đừng chỉ "near the park" suốt bài. Luân phiên 4 nhóm trên → Lexical Resource lên 1 band.
Phần I · Lý thuyếtNgôn ngữ thay đổi · Quá khứ
Change Language · Past Simple Passive
Past passive — was + V3.
Removal · Replacement
Mất đi / Thay thế
Demolish: was demolished / was knocked down / was pulled down
Remove: was removed / was cleared / was relocated
Replace: was replaced by / was converted into / gave way to
Transform: was turned into / was redeveloped as
Addition · Extension
Mới / Mở rộng
Build: was built / was constructed / was erected
Add: was added / was introduced / was installed
Extend: was extended / was expanded / was enlarged
Plant: was planted / was landscaped / was added with greenery
Công thức: [Subject] was/were [V3] [by-phrase optional]. Ví dụ: The old library was replaced by a shopping centre.
Phần I · Lý thuyếtNgôn ngữ thay đổi · Tương lai
Change Language · Future Passive
Future passive — will be + V3.
Three structures
Cấu trúc
Will-passive: will be built / will be demolished
Going-to: is going to be replaced / are going to be relocated
Be-to: is to be constructed / is to be added (formal — đề proposal)
Set / planned: is set to · is planned to · is scheduled to
Adverbs of certainty
Mức độ chắc chắn
Definite: will definitely · is certain to be
Likely: is expected to · is likely to · is anticipated to
Possible: may be · could be · is being considered
Order: first · subsequently · once completed · finally
Map proposal thường dùng "is to be" — formal, ngắn gọn. Ví dụ: A new marina is to be built on the southern shore.
Phần I · Lý thuyếtCấu trúc 4 đoạn
Four-paragraph structure · Maps
Bốn đoạn cố định — grouping mới là chìa khoá.
~25w
PARA 01
Introduction
Paraphrase câu đề. Đề cập 2 thời điểm + địa điểm. The two maps illustrate / depict / show how X changed between A and B.
~40w
PARA 02
Overview
2 câu · 2 đặc trưng tổng thể: hướng phát triển (commercialised / urbanised / modernised) + cái gì giữ nguyên.
~45w
PARA 03
Body 1
Nhóm 1 thay đổi: theo khu vực (e.g. changes in the north) hoặc theo loại (e.g. new constructions). 3-4 thay đổi cụ thể.
~45w
PARA 04
Body 2
Nhóm 2 còn lại + cái unchanged. Linking: Meanwhile · As for · The southern half · In contrast.
Chia nhóm trước khi viết. Nếu trộn lung tung → mất Coherence & Cohesion. Hai cách: spatial (theo hướng) hoặc thematic (theo loại).
Phần I · Lý thuyếtTrình tự 20 phút
Exam Sequence · 20-minute budget
20 phút — 5 bước cố định.
Phân tích đề + 2 maps (3 phút).Xác định: 2 thời điểm · loại đề (past↔present hay present↔future) · compass · 4-6 thay đổi chính · cái gì giữ nguyên.
Lên dàn bài 4 đoạn (2 phút).Quyết định grouping: spatial (north / south) hay thematic (additions / removals). Ghi 3 thay đổi/đoạn.
Viết Intro + Overview (4 phút).~65 từ. Intro paraphrase. Overview = 2 câu nêu xu thế tổng + cái unchanged. Tuyệt đối không liệt kê chi tiết.
Viết Body 1 + Body 2 (9 phút).~95 từ. Mỗi đoạn 3-4 câu, mỗi câu 1 thay đổi. Linking giữa câu: While / In addition / Furthermore / Meanwhile.
Check lỗi (2 phút).Thì động từ (passive đúng V3?) · số ít/nhiều · spatial preposition · đếm từ (≥150). Không viết thêm.
Practice · 01
01
Town Centre · Past ↔ Present
Practice 01 · Town Centre
Town centre. 1990 → 2020.
01 · Town Centre — past vs present
02 · Coastal Village — proposed redevelopment
03 · University Campus — past vs present
04 · Industrial Estate — proposed regeneration
Practice 01 · Town CentreĐề bài + 2 bản đồ
Task · Map · Town centre 1990–2020
The two maps below show changes that took place in a town centre between 1990 and 2020.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Thời gian: 20 phút · 150+ từ.
kept
new
demolished
Town Centre · 1990
Source · Town Council records
Town Centre · 2020
Source · Town Council records
Practice 01 · Town CentreBước 1 · Phân tích
Step 1 · Analyse & Plan · 5 phút
Bốn câu hỏi — bốn câu trả lời.
Q1
Loại đề?
Past ↔ Present · 1990 vs 2020 · past simple passive
Q2
Hướng phát triển?
Commercialisation + densification — thương mại hoá, dân cư hoá cao tầng
Q3
Cái gì giữ nguyên?
Houses (south-centre) + car park (south-east) + main street layout
Q4
Grouping?
Spatial: north of Main Street vs south of Main Street
Bảng thay đổi chính
Code
1990
2020
Verb
N1
Park (large)
Park reduced + parking added
was reduced / a parking lot was added
N2
Post office
Demolished — library extended
was demolished · was extended
N3
Shops (row)
Shopping centre
were replaced by a shopping centre
S1
School
Apartment block
was converted into apartments
S2 / S3
Houses + car park
Unchanged
remained unchanged
Practice 01 · Town CentreBước 2 · Intro + Overview
Step 2 · Writing Intro & Overview · 4 phút
Intro: đổi câu đề. Overview: hướng phát triển + unchanged.
Câu đề gốc
"The two maps below show changes that took place in a town centre between 1990 and 2020."
Intro paraphrased · Band 6.5
"The two maps illustrate how a town centre was redeveloped over a thirty-year period from 1990 to 2020."
Overview · 2 câu · 2 feature
OverviewOverall, it is clear that the town centre underwent significant commercial and residential development during this period, with several public buildings being replaced by larger commercial complexes. The houses and car park to the south, however, remained unchanged.
Lưu ý: không liệt kê chi tiết "library was extended, shops became shopping centre…" — đó là Body. Overview chỉ nêu xu hướng tổng.
Practice 01 · Town CentreBước 3 · Body 1 + Body 2
Step 3 · Body paragraphs · 9 phút
Hai đoạn thân — grouping spatial: north vs south.
Body 1 · NorthThe most striking changes occurred to the north of Main Street. The park was reduced in size, and a parking lot was added on its eastern half, occupying the former site of the post office, which was demolished. The library, originally a small building, was significantly extended westward into the post office plot. Furthermore, the row of shops at the eastern end was replaced by a large shopping centre.
Body 2 · SouthTo the south of Main Street, the school was converted into a residential apartment block, marking a clear shift from public to private use. In contrast, the houses in the centre and the car park to the east remained unchanged throughout the period, providing a sense of continuity amidst the broader redevelopment.
Body 1 = north (commercial & civic). Body 2 = south (residential, hoà với unchanged).
Practice 01 · Town CentreBài mẫu hoàn chỉnh
Sample Essay · Band 6.5 · 175 words
Bài mẫu — ghép 4 đoạn.
IntroThe two maps illustrate how a town centre was redeveloped over a thirty-year period from 1990 to 2020.
OverviewOverall, it is clear that the town centre underwent significant commercial and residential development during this period, with several public buildings being replaced by larger commercial complexes. The houses and car park to the south, however, remained unchanged.
Body 1The most striking changes occurred to the north of Main Street. The park was reduced in size, and a parking lot was added on its eastern half, occupying the former site of the post office, which was demolished. The library, originally a small building, was significantly extended westward into the post office plot. Furthermore, the row of shops at the eastern end was replaced by a large shopping centre.
Body 2To the south of Main Street, the school was converted into a residential apartment block, marking a clear shift from public to private use. In contrast, the houses in the centre and the car park to the east remained unchanged throughout the period, providing a sense of continuity amidst the broader redevelopment.
Practice 01 · Town CentrePhân tích ngôn ngữ
Language analysis · Why this scores Band 6.5
Bốn kỹ thuật ngôn ngữ — tháo ra từ bài mẫu.
Paraphrase"shows changes that took place" → "illustrate how … was redeveloped" — đổi shows thành illustrate, dùng was redeveloped để gói gọn ý "thay đổi".
Passive variety"was demolished · was extended · was replaced by · was converted into · was added · remained unchanged" — sáu cấu trúc passive khác nhau, không lặp 1 verb 2 lần.
Spatial language"to the north of Main Street · on its eastern half · westward · at the eastern end · to the south" — đủ 4 lớp: compass + relative + direction + edge.
Cohesion"Furthermore · In contrast · marking a clear shift · providing a sense of continuity" — linking + participle clauses → cohesion mượt, không lặp and.
Có cả 4 kỹ thuật → Band 6.5 chắc chắn. Thiếu 1 → tụt 0.5 band.
Practice 01 · Town CentreTừ vựng
Vocabulary & Collocations
Tám từ · sáu collocations — change & location.
Vocabulary (8)
redevelop (v.)/riːdɪˈveləp/
tái thiết, xây mới (dùng cho map)
demolish (v.)/dɪˈmɒlɪʃ/
phá huỷ (toà nhà cũ) — synonym: knock down, tear down
convert (v.)/kənˈvɜːt/
chuyển đổi mục đích sử dụng — convert into
extend (v.)/ɪkˈstend/
mở rộng — was extended westward
undergo (v.)/ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ/
trải qua (sự thay đổi) — underwent significant change
strike (adj.)/straɪk/
striking — nổi bật, dễ thấy nhất
amidst (prep.)/əˈmɪdst/
giữa (formal) — amidst the redevelopment
continuity (n.)/ˌkɒntɪˈnjuːəti/
sự liên tục, không đổi — sense of continuity
Collocations (6)
undergo significant development
trải qua sự phát triển đáng kể
be replaced by
được thay thế bằng — passive obligatory
be converted into
được chuyển đổi thành (mục đích khác)
remain unchanged
vẫn giữ nguyên — không cần passive
to the north / south of
phía bắc / nam của — định vị tuyệt đối
a shift from X to Y
sự dịch chuyển từ X sang Y — public to private
Practice 01 · Town CentreCặp paraphrase
Paraphrase pairs · Avoid copying
Sáu cặp đổi tương đương — dùng cột phải, tránh cột trái.
show changes→ illustrate how X was redeveloped / depict the transformation of
between 1990 and 2020→ over a thirty-year period · across three decades · from 1990 to 2020
a new building was made→ a new building was constructed / erected / put up
the old building was destroyed→ was demolished · was knocked down · was pulled down
it stayed the same→ remained unchanged · was preserved · was retained
it became a shopping centre→ was converted into · was transformed into · gave way to
Bài Band 6.5 thường dùng 3-4 cặp paraphrase trong 175 từ. Học thuộc 6 cặp này → đủ dùng cho mọi bài map.
Practice · 02
02
Coastal Village · Present ↔ Future
Practice 02 · Coastal Village
Sandy Bay. Today & the proposed plan.
01 · Town Centre — past vs present
02 · Coastal Village — proposed redevelopment
03 · University Campus — past vs present
04 · Industrial Estate — proposed regeneration
Practice 02 · Coastal VillageĐề bài + 2 bản đồ
Task · Map · Sandy Bay redevelopment
The maps below show the coastal village of Sandy Bay as it is today and how it will look after a proposed redevelopment.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Tourism-driven — biến làng chài thành điểm du lịch
Q3
Cái gì giữ nguyên?
Hai dãy nhà ở phía tây · bãi biển · con đường chạy ngang
Q4
Grouping?
Thematic: seafront additions (marina, hotel) vs inland changes (restaurants, parking)
Bảng thay đổi chính
Code
Today
Proposed
Verb
SEA1
Fishing pier
Marina (much larger)
will be replaced by · is to be expanded into
RD
Coast road (narrow)
Widened
will be widened
IN1
Shop + café
Restaurants
will be converted into · is to be developed as
S1
Fields
Hotel
will be built / is to be constructed
S2
Open land
Car park
will be turned into
HSE
Two rows of houses
Unchanged
will remain unchanged · will be preserved
Practice 02 · Coastal VillageBước 2 · Intro + Overview
Step 2 · Writing Intro & Overview · 4 phút
Future passive — "will be" + V3.
Câu đề gốc
"The maps below show the coastal village of Sandy Bay as it is today and how it will look after a proposed redevelopment."
Intro paraphrased · Band 6.5
"The two maps depict the coastal village of Sandy Bay in its current state and the layout proposed under a planned redevelopment scheme."
Overview · 2 câu · 2 feature
OverviewOverall, it is clear that Sandy Bay will be transformed into a tourist destination, with substantial new facilities such as a marina, a hotel, and restaurants being added. However, the residential houses to the west and the beach itself will remain unchanged.
Mở đầu overview với "will be transformed into …" — câu chủ đạo của bài future map.
Practice 02 · Coastal VillageBước 3 · Body 1 + Body 2
Step 3 · Body paragraphs · 9 phút
Hai đoạn thân — grouping thematic: seafront vs inland.
Body 1 · SeafrontThe most prominent change will take place along the seafront. The existing fishing pier is to be replaced by a much larger marina, occupying the central section of the bay. Furthermore, the narrow coastal road will be widened to accommodate increased traffic. To the south of this road, the open fields are set to give way to a new hotel, while the eastern stretch of land will be converted into a car park.
Body 2 · InlandFurther inland, the small shop and café will be redeveloped as a row of restaurants, designed to serve the anticipated tourist arrivals. By contrast, the two rows of residential houses on the western side of the village will be preserved, ensuring that the original residential character is retained alongside the new tourist infrastructure.
Pattern thematic: Body 1 = seafront (đập vào mắt). Body 2 = inland + linking với phần unchanged.
Practice 02 · Coastal VillageBài mẫu hoàn chỉnh
Sample Essay · Band 6.5 · 168 words
Bài mẫu — future passive throughout.
IntroThe two maps depict the coastal village of Sandy Bay in its current state and the layout proposed under a planned redevelopment scheme.
OverviewOverall, it is clear that Sandy Bay will be transformed into a tourist destination, with substantial new facilities such as a marina, a hotel, and restaurants being added. However, the residential houses to the west and the beach itself will remain unchanged.
Body 1The most prominent change will take place along the seafront. The existing fishing pier is to be replaced by a much larger marina, occupying the central section of the bay. Furthermore, the narrow coastal road will be widened to accommodate increased traffic. To the south of this road, the open fields are set to give way to a new hotel, while the eastern stretch of land will be converted into a car park.
Body 2Further inland, the small shop and café will be redeveloped as a row of restaurants, designed to serve the anticipated tourist arrivals. By contrast, the two rows of residential houses on the western side of the village will be preserved, ensuring that the original residential character is retained alongside the new tourist infrastructure.
Practice 02 · Coastal VillagePhân tích ngôn ngữ
Language analysis · Future passive techniques
Bốn kỹ thuật — tháo ra từ bài mẫu.
Future passive variety"will be transformed · is to be replaced by · will be widened · are set to give way to · will be converted into · will be redeveloped as · will be preserved" — bảy cấu trúc khác nhau, không lặp will be built 5 lần.
Spatial language"along the seafront · to the south of this road · further inland · on the western side" — đủ 4 lớp: along + to-the-south-of + further inland + on-the-side.
Cohesion"The most prominent change · Furthermore · By contrast · ensuring that …" — linking + participle clause cuối câu để gắn ý "preserved → retained character".
Lexical precision"redeveloped · transformed · accommodate · anticipated tourist arrivals · alongside" — từ vựng C1, không dùng change · build · for · with.
Future map nào cũng cần đủ 4 kỹ thuật trên — đặc biệt passive variety vì là kỹ thuật bị giám khảo soi đầu tiên.
Practice 02 · Coastal VillageTừ vựng
Vocabulary & Collocations
Tám từ · sáu collocations — future development.
Vocabulary (8)
depict (v.)/dɪˈpɪkt/
mô tả, thể hiện (synonym: show, illustrate)
scheme (n.)/skiːm/
kế hoạch, đề án — redevelopment scheme
prominent (adj.)/ˈprɒmɪnənt/
nổi bật — the most prominent change
substantial (adj.)/səbˈstænʃəl/
đáng kể — substantial new facilities
accommodate (v.)/əˈkɒmədeɪt/
đáp ứng (nhu cầu) — accommodate increased traffic
anticipated (adj.)/ænˈtɪsɪpeɪtɪd/
được dự kiến — anticipated arrivals
retain (v.)/rɪˈteɪn/
giữ lại, lưu giữ — retain the character
alongside (prep.)/əˌlɒŋˈsaɪd/
song song với, cùng với — alongside the new infrastructure
Collocations (6)
be transformed into
được biến thành (sự thay đổi tổng thể)
give way to
nhường chỗ cho — fields give way to a hotel
is set to / is to be
dự kiến sẽ — formal future passive
tourist destination / arrivals
điểm du lịch / lượng khách đến
redevelopment scheme / proposal
đề án tái thiết
retain the original character
giữ nét đặc trưng nguyên gốc
Practice 02 · Coastal VillageCặp paraphrase
Paraphrase pairs · Future-tense
Sáu cặp đổi — cho đề proposed.
how it will look→ the layout proposed under a planned scheme · the future configuration
a new building will be made→ is to be constructed · will be erected · is set to be built
it will become→ will be transformed into · will be converted into · is to be redeveloped as
they will keep it the same→ will be preserved · will remain unchanged · will be retained
a road will be made bigger→ will be widened · is to be expanded · will be enlarged
they will replace X with Y→ X will give way to Y · X is to be replaced by Y · Y will replace X
Lưu ý: "will give way to" rất ăn điểm — collocation idiomatic, ít người biết.
Practice · 03
03
University Campus · Past ↔ Present
Practice 03 · University Campus
Hillside Uni. 2000 → 2025.
01 · Town Centre — past vs present
02 · Coastal Village — proposed redevelopment
03 · University Campus — past vs present
04 · Industrial Estate — proposed regeneration
Practice 03 · University CampusĐề bài + 2 bản đồ
Task · Map · Hillside University 2000–2025
The two maps below show the campus of Hillside University in 2000 and in 2025.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Thì: past simple passive — was extended / has been built.
kept
new / extended
demolished
Hillside University · 2000
Source · University archives
Hillside University · 2025
Source · University archives
Practice 03 · University CampusBước 1 · Phân tích
Step 1 · Analyse & Plan · 5 phút
Bốn câu hỏi — bốn câu trả lời.
Q1
Loại đề?
Past ↔ Present · 2000 vs 2025 · past simple passive
Q2
Hướng phát triển?
Modernisation + capacity expansion — học thuật & chỗ ở
Q3
Cái gì giữ nguyên?
Main building (trung tâm) · sports field (phía tây) · entrance road
Q4
Grouping?
Spatial: north (academic) vs east (services)
Bảng thay đổi chính
Code
2000
2025
Verb
NW
Library (small)
Library extended
was extended eastward
NE
Old dormitory
New larger dormitory
was demolished and rebuilt as
E1
Café
Science Centre
was replaced by · was redeveloped as
E2
Single-level parking
Multi-level car park
was upgraded into · was rebuilt as
C / W
Main building + sports field
Unchanged
remained unchanged · was preserved
Practice 03 · University CampusBước 2 · Intro + Overview
Step 2 · Writing Intro & Overview · 4 phút
Hai feature: expansion + service modernisation.
Câu đề gốc
"The two maps below show the campus of Hillside University in 2000 and in 2025."
Intro paraphrased · Band 6.5
"The two maps illustrate how the campus of Hillside University was transformed over a twenty-five-year period from 2000 to 2025."
Overview · 2 câu · 2 feature
OverviewOverall, it is clear that the campus underwent considerable expansion and modernisation, particularly along its eastern edge, with several older facilities being replaced or upgraded. The main building at the centre and the sports field to the west remained unchanged.
Pattern hai feature: (1) phía nào thay đổi + (2) phía nào giữ nguyên. Áp dụng cho 90% bài map past↔present.
Practice 03 · University CampusBước 3 · Body 1 + Body 2
Step 3 · Body paragraphs · 9 phút
Spatial grouping — north academic / east services.
Body 1 · North · AcademicThe most extensive changes took place along the northern edge of the campus. The library, originally a modest building in the north-west, was extended eastward, almost doubling in size. To the north-east, the old dormitory was demolished and rebuilt as a much larger student residence. These developments suggest a deliberate effort to accommodate a growing student population.
Body 2 · East · ServicesAlong the eastern edge, the café was replaced by a new science centre, signalling a shift toward research facilities. Adjacent to it, the single-level parking area was rebuilt as a multi-level car park, increasing capacity without expanding the footprint. By contrast, the central main building and the western sports field were left untouched throughout the period.
Bài có 5 changes + 2 unchanged → cần phân nhóm chặt. Spatial north/east dễ viết hơn thematic.
Practice 03 · University CampusBài mẫu hoàn chỉnh
Sample Essay · Band 6.5 · 172 words
Bài mẫu — ghép 4 đoạn.
IntroThe two maps illustrate how the campus of Hillside University was transformed over a twenty-five-year period from 2000 to 2025.
OverviewOverall, it is clear that the campus underwent considerable expansion and modernisation, particularly along its eastern edge, with several older facilities being replaced or upgraded. The main building at the centre and the sports field to the west remained unchanged.
Body 1The most extensive changes took place along the northern edge of the campus. The library, originally a modest building in the north-west, was extended eastward, almost doubling in size. To the north-east, the old dormitory was demolished and rebuilt as a much larger student residence. These developments suggest a deliberate effort to accommodate a growing student population.
Body 2Along the eastern edge, the café was replaced by a new science centre, signalling a shift toward research facilities. Adjacent to it, the single-level parking area was rebuilt as a multi-level car park, increasing capacity without expanding the footprint. By contrast, the central main building and the western sports field were left untouched throughout the period.
Practice 03 · University CampusPhân tích ngôn ngữ
Language analysis · Spatial precision
Bốn kỹ thuật — tháo từ bài Hillside.
Compass + relative"in the north-west · to the north-east · along the eastern edge · adjacent to it · to the west · at the centre" — sáu cách định vị khác nhau.
Passive variety"was transformed · was extended · was demolished and rebuilt · was replaced by · was rebuilt as · were left untouched" — sáu cấu trúc khác nhau.
Participle clauses"signalling a shift · increasing capacity · accommodate a growing population" — dùng -ing và to-V để gắn lý do/hệ quả → tăng GRA.
Lexical variety"considerable · modernisation · modest · doubling in size · deliberate effort · footprint" — không lặp big · changed · effort · area.
"Increasing capacity without expanding the footprint" — câu nâng band: gắn kết quả vào phương tiện qua participle.
Practice 03 · University CampusTừ vựng
Vocabulary & Collocations
Tám từ · sáu collocations — expansion language.
Vocabulary (8)
considerable (adj.)/kənˈsɪdərəbl/
đáng kể (synonym: substantial, significant)
modest (adj.)/ˈmɒdɪst/
khiêm tốn, nhỏ bé — a modest building
deliberate (adj.)/dɪˈlɪbərət/
có chủ đích — a deliberate effort
accommodate (v.)/əˈkɒmədeɪt/
đáp ứng — accommodate a growing population
signal (v.)/ˈsɪɡnəl/
báo hiệu, chỉ ra — signalling a shift
capacity (n.)/kəˈpæsəti/
sức chứa — increase capacity
footprint (n.)/ˈfʊtprɪnt/
diện tích chiếm đất (kiến trúc)
untouched (adj.)/ʌnˈtʌtʃt/
không thay đổi — were left untouched
Collocations (6)
undergo expansion / modernisation
trải qua sự mở rộng / hiện đại hoá
double in size
tăng gấp đôi diện tích
be left untouched / unchanged
được giữ nguyên
a shift toward X
sự dịch chuyển sang X — toward research
accommodate a growing population
đáp ứng dân số tăng
expand the footprint
mở rộng diện tích chiếm đất
Practice 03 · University CampusCặp paraphrase
Paraphrase pairs · Past tense · campus
Sáu cặp đổi — past expansion language.
it became bigger→ was extended · was expanded · was enlarged · doubled in size
a new building was made→ was demolished and rebuilt as · was redeveloped as · was constructed in place of
it changed in some way→ was transformed · underwent modernisation · was upgraded
they didn't change it→ was left untouched · remained unaffected · was preserved · was retained
they put more parking spaces→ capacity was increased · the parking was upgraded into multi-level
to fit more students→ to accommodate a growing student population · to meet rising demand
"Doubled in size" — collocation rất gọn cho ý extended. Nhớ dùng doubled chứ không was doubled.
Practice · 04
04
Industrial Estate · Present ↔ Future
Practice 04 · Industrial Estate
Greenfield. Today & the future plan.
01 · Town Centre — past vs present
02 · Coastal Village — proposed redevelopment
03 · University Campus — past vs present
04 · Industrial Estate — proposed regeneration
Practice 04 · Industrial EstateĐề bài + 2 bản đồ
Task · Map · Greenfield Estate regeneration
The maps below show the Greenfield industrial estate today and a proposed plan to regenerate the area.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Thì: future passive · large-scale change.
remain
proposed
to be removed
Greenfield Estate · Today
Source · Council planning office
Greenfield · Proposed Plan
Source · Regeneration scheme 2030
Practice 04 · Industrial EstateBước 1 · Phân tích
Step 1 · Analyse & Plan · 5 phút
Bốn câu hỏi — large-scale regeneration.
Q1
Loại đề?
Present ↔ Future · "proposed plan to regenerate" · future passive
Q2
Hướng phát triển?
Industrial → mixed-use community — toàn bộ chuyển công năng
Q3
Cái gì giữ nguyên?
Layout đường ngang chia bắc-nam (vị trí giữ, chức năng đổi từ truck → pedestrian)
Q4
Grouping?
Spatial: north of the road (residential + school) vs south (park + station)
Bảng thay đổi chính
Code
Today
Proposed
Verb
N1 / N2
Factory A & B
Residential blocks
will be demolished and replaced by
N3
Factory C
Primary school
is to be redeveloped as
SW
Warehouses
Park
will be cleared to make way for
SE
Freight yard
Light rail station + plaza
is to be transformed into
RD
Truck access road
Pedestrian street
will be repurposed as
Practice 04 · Industrial EstateBước 2 · Intro + Overview
Step 2 · Writing Intro & Overview · 4 phút
Khi tất cả đều đổi — overview tóm xu hướng.
Câu đề gốc
"The maps below show the Greenfield industrial estate today and a proposed plan to regenerate the area."
Intro paraphrased · Band 6.5
"The two maps depict the Greenfield industrial estate in its current condition and the proposed regeneration scheme that would transform the entire site."
Overview · 2 câu · 2 feature
OverviewOverall, it is clear that the area will undergo a complete shift in function, moving from heavy industry to a mixed residential, educational and transport hub. The horizontal road that divides the estate will be retained, although its purpose will change from truck access to pedestrian use.
Khi không có gì physically unchanged, hãy nói cái layout hoặc hướng đường giữ nguyên — vẫn được tính là feature unchanged.
Practice 04 · Industrial EstateBước 3 · Body 1 + Body 2
Step 3 · Body paragraphs · 9 phút
Spatial — north (community) / south (transport).
Body 1 · NorthTo the north of the central road, the three existing factories are to be demolished. Factory A and Factory B in the western and central blocks will be replaced by two residential developments, while Factory C on the eastern side will be redeveloped as a primary school. This northern half is therefore set to be transformed into a community-oriented zone.
Body 2 · SouthAcross the road, the southern half will see equally drastic change. The warehouses occupying the south-west will be cleared to make way for a public park, while the freight yard in the south-east is to be converted into a light rail station with an adjoining plaza. Meanwhile, the central road itself will be repurposed from truck access to pedestrian use, complementing the new residential character of the estate.
Sample này dùng 5 future passive khác nhau — không cấu trúc nào lặp.
Practice 04 · Industrial EstateBài mẫu hoàn chỉnh
Sample Essay · Band 6.5 · 170 words
Bài mẫu — future passive cao cấp.
IntroThe two maps depict the Greenfield industrial estate in its current condition and the proposed regeneration scheme that would transform the entire site.
OverviewOverall, it is clear that the area will undergo a complete shift in function, moving from heavy industry to a mixed residential, educational and transport hub. The horizontal road that divides the estate will be retained, although its purpose will change from truck access to pedestrian use.
Body 1To the north of the central road, the three existing factories are to be demolished. Factory A and Factory B in the western and central blocks will be replaced by two residential developments, while Factory C on the eastern side will be redeveloped as a primary school. This northern half is therefore set to be transformed into a community-oriented zone.
Body 2Across the road, the southern half will see equally drastic change. The warehouses occupying the south-west will be cleared to make way for a public park, while the freight yard in the south-east is to be converted into a light rail station with an adjoining plaza. Meanwhile, the central road itself will be repurposed from truck access to pedestrian use, complementing the new residential character of the estate.
Practice 04 · Industrial EstatePhân tích ngôn ngữ
Language analysis · Large-scale change
Bốn kỹ thuật — tháo từ bài Greenfield.
Future passive variety"are to be demolished · will be replaced by · will be redeveloped as · is set to be transformed · will be cleared · is to be converted into · will be repurposed" — bảy cấu trúc, không trùng lặp.
Spatial language"to the north of · in the western and central blocks · on the eastern side · across the road · in the south-east · meanwhile" — sáu cách định vị.
Adverbs of degree"complete shift · equally drastic · community-oriented · entire site" — adverb & adjective mạnh để diễn tả đại quy mô.
Cohesion"This northern half is therefore set to · Across the road, the southern half will see · Meanwhile · complementing" — chuyển ý mượt giữa Body 1 ↔ Body 2 mà không lặp However.
"Set to make way for" là cụm collocation idiomatic — cực kỳ ăn điểm cho đề proposed.
Practice 04 · Industrial EstateTừ vựng
Vocabulary & Collocations
Tám từ · sáu collocations — regeneration vocab.
Vocabulary (8)
regenerate (v.)/rɪˈdʒenəreɪt/
tái sinh khu đất công nghiệp / xuống cấp
repurpose (v.)/riːˈpɜːpəs/
đổi mục đích sử dụng — repurposed as pedestrian street
drastic (adj.)/ˈdræstɪk/
đại quy mô, mạnh mẽ — equally drastic change
hub (n.)/hʌb/
trung tâm — a transport hub
adjoining (adj.)/əˈdʒɔɪnɪŋ/
liền kề — an adjoining plaza
complement (v.)/ˈkɒmplɪment/
bổ sung, hỗ trợ — complementing the residential character
scheme (n.)/skiːm/
đề án — regeneration scheme
condition (n.)/kənˈdɪʃən/
tình trạng hiện tại — current condition
Collocations (6)
a complete shift in function
sự thay đổi chức năng hoàn toàn
make way for
nhường chỗ cho — cleared to make way for a park
a mixed residential / educational hub
khu hỗn hợp cư dân / giáo dục
community-oriented zone
khu định hướng cộng đồng
undergo regeneration
trải qua sự tái sinh
light rail station
ga đường sắt nhẹ (metro/tram)
Practice 04 · Industrial EstateCặp paraphrase
Paraphrase pairs · Future · regeneration
Sáu cặp đổi — đại quy mô / proposed.
they will totally change it→ undergo a complete shift in function · be transformed entirely · be redeveloped from scratch
they will use it for something else→ will be repurposed as · will be converted into · is to give way to
they will keep the road→ the road will be retained · its purpose will change · the layout will be preserved
they will tear down the factories→ are to be demolished · will be cleared · will be pulled down
they will build a station→ will be developed as a station · is to be constructed · is set to host a station
to make space for X→ to make way for X · to accommodate X · to host X
"Make way for" là cụm rất "British IELTS". Học xong là không cần nói "to make space for" — band tăng ngay.
Phần VI · Tổng kếtPattern chung
Common pattern · Across all 4 essays
Một khung — bốn bài.
01 · Intro (1 câu)
"The two maps illustrate / depict + how + X + was redeveloped / will be transformed + over [period] / under [scheme]."
02 · Overview (2 câu)
Câu 1: hướng phát triển tổng thể (commercialised / urbanised / regenerated). Câu 2: cái unchanged.
03 · Body 1 (3-4 câu)
Nhóm spatial 1 hoặc thematic 1 (e.g. north / seafront / academic block) — 3-4 thay đổi, mỗi câu 1 verb passive khác.
04 · Body 2 (3-4 câu)
Nhóm còn lại + linking với unchanged ở cuối. Meanwhile · By contrast · Across the road · Further inland.
Cùng khung 4 đoạn — chỉ thay verb passive theo thì (past was vs future will be / is to be). Đổi gì thuộc về nội dung; cấu trúc giữ nguyên.
Phần VI · Tổng kếtVocab tổng hợp
Vocabulary consolidation · 24 verbs to memorise
Hai mươi bốn verbs — đủ dùng cho mọi đề map.
Removal · Replacement
was demolished
was knocked down
was pulled down
was cleared
was replaced by
was converted into
gave way to
was relocated
Addition · Extension
was built / constructed
was erected
was added
was extended / expanded
was redeveloped as
was transformed into
was upgraded
was repurposed as
Future · Unchanged
will be built / demolished
is to be constructed
is set to be
will be repurposed
remained unchanged
was preserved / retained
was left untouched
will be retained / preserved
In ra bảng này, học thuộc 8 verbs theo mỗi cột → mỗi tuần dùng 2 cột → đủ vốn cho Test thi thực tế.
Phần VI · Tổng kếtBài về nhà
Homework · Practice schedule
Bài về nhà — 3 bài trong 1 tuần.
Viết lại Practice 02 (Coastal Village) trong 20 phút.Không nhìn bài mẫu. Sau khi xong, so với bài mẫu — gạch chân 4 verb passive đã dùng và 4 spatial preposition. Mục tiêu: ≥ 6 cấu trúc passive khác nhau.
Tìm 1 đề map Cambridge IELTS 17/18/19, viết trong 20 phút.Áp dụng quy trình 5 bước. Đếm từ. Gửi bài cho cô qua Notion để chấm.
Học thuộc 24 verbs ở slide 48 (8 verbs/ngày, 3 ngày).Cách kiểm tra: viết 8 câu, mỗi câu 1 verb, áp dụng vào bối cảnh tự bịa (e.g. The old market was demolished and replaced by a metro station).
Đọc 2 sample essay Band 7+ trên BC site.simon.com hoặc ieltsliz.com — chọn 2 bài map. Highlight các spatial preposition và passive verb. Note vào sổ.
End.
Lesson 03 · Maps & Change · 50 slides · Cmd+P để xuất PDF